Which method can help reduce exposure to external radiation hazards?

Reducing exposure to external radiation hazards is best achieved through specific safety techniques that are grounded in the principles of radiation protection. The correct choice emphasizes three effective strategies: reducing the time spent near the radiation source, increasing distance from the source, and utilizing appropriate shielding materials.

Reducing the time spent near the source minimizes the overall radiation dose received, as radiation intensity and exposure are directly related to the duration of time spent in proximity to the hazard. Increasing distance is crucial because radiation intensity diminishes with distance; the greater the gap between individuals and the source, the lower the exposure. Finally, using shielding involves placing a barrier made of appropriate materials between the radiation source and the person; common shielding materials include lead for gamma radiation and concrete or other dense materials for neutron or beta radiation.

The other options may not effectively address the core issue of radiation exposure. Adjusting temperature could inadvertently affect the conditions but does not inherently reduce radiation exposure. While moving away from a facility completely could be beneficial, it is not always practical or necessary, and may not involve the efficient use of time, distance, and shielding methods that are widely recommended in radiation safety protocols. Applying ointment to the skin does not mitigate radiation exposure and is more relevant to skin care rather than radiation safety